Correction of mesial bite

Types of mesial bite

Shape:

1. Dental-alveolar form. Bite as a result of malposition of teeth.

2. Gnathic or skeletal form — a malocclusion formed by abnormal jaw development. It is a more complex form of bite, sometimes requiring surgical intervention.

   Often clinical cases of mesial bite combine both forms — both misaligned teeth and abnormal jaw dimensions..

By cause of occurrence:

1. Congenital abnormal jaw size: mandibular macrognathia — large or elongated lower jaw; maxillary micrognathia — underdeveloped, small upper jaw.

2. Prognathia mandibularis — a forced position where individual teeth interfere with normal jaw closure and jaw growth. This bite is formed in children on baby teeth due to canines that cling to the lower teeth and prevent the lower jaw from assuming its normal position.

3. Retrogration of the upper jaw — posterior position of the upper jaw relative to the facial proportions. In contrast to micrognathia, in this case the jaw is of normal size but malpositioned.

4. Abnormal tooth size: macrodentia — large teeth on the lower jaw, microdentia — small teeth on the upper jaw.

Causes of mesial bite

Early stages of development:

• Heredity — congenital malformation of the skull and facial bones. Transmitted genetically, sometimes dependent on ethnicity. The mesial bite is more likely to occur in the Mongoloid race than in Caucasians.

• Diseases of the mother during pregnancy, unfavorable external environment, lack of nutrients during intrauterine development.

• Improper breastfeeding.

• Macroglossy — increased language size.

• Childhood diseases (rickets, endocrine gland disorders)

• Bad habits: sucking on the upper lip, finger.

• A short frenulum of the tongue.

During the period of milk and permanent teeth:

• Violation of the erasability of baby teeth, as a result of which teeth (more often canines) interfere with the normal closure of the upper and lower jaws. The lower jaw slides off when closing and takes a forced position in front.

• Late eruption or earlier loss of teeth in the upper jaw.

• Super-complete teeth on the lower jaw.

• Incorrect body position: lowering the head to the chest during sleep, propping the chin with the hand in a sitting position.

Consequences of mesial bite

Irregular incisal overlap and gaps between the front teeth make chewing very difficult. The front teeth rub against each other and the entire chewing load is redistributed among several teeth, which deteriorate faster and are more susceptible to decay due to constant work. When teeth are lost as a result of a bad bite, implants and prosthetics — there may not be enough space for adequate restoration of teeth.

If the upper incisors reach the mucosa of the mandible as a result of overlap, chronic trauma occurs at the contact site. This leads to bacterial growth, periodontitis, recessions and increased risk of cancer.

Irregular dental contacts or jaw structure directly affects the temporomandibular joint. Improper joint positioning results in clicking, pain when opening the mouth or chewing food, headaches, dystrophy, and jamming (locking in one position) of the joint.

Diagnostics

To compile a complete clinical picture and treatment plan, high-quality diagnostic data of several types are needed:

1. Visual examination of teeth and face by an orthodontist. It usually happens at the first consultation. The doctor evaluates the position, size and condition of the teeth. If necessary, he directs to additional specialists.

2. Assessment of the position and size of the jaws according to CBCT. Only a 3D image of the entire skull will give the doctor an accurate idea of how the jaws are positioned relative to each other, and what condition the temporomandibular joint is in. Based on these data, a plan for moving teeth is drawn up, the need for surgical intervention or additional treatment of joint dysfunction is assessed.

3. Assessment of the position, ratio and closure of teeth using dental scanning.

4. A detailed photo protocol for drawing up a treatment plan and further tracking the dynamics of treatment.

Treatment

Treatment in lactic and removable occlusion

When diagnosing a mesial bite in a child with a lactic or removable bite, first of all, it is necessary to exclude factors that aggravate the pathology:

• bad habits. Special jaw devices will help to facilitate weaning from a bad habit and adaptation to the correct position of the jaws.

• improper swallowing or mouth breathing. To eliminate breathing problems, you will need to consult an ENT doctor.

• the forced position of the jaw due to interfering tubercles or cutting edges of individual teeth. In this case, the teeth are ground in a safe volume for normal closure.

If the lower jaw is slightly shifted forward, then massage of the alveolar process (the place where the teeth grow) is indicated for correction from the palate in the anterior section of the upper dentition. The general position of the jaw is adjusted by removable devices.

With a deep incisor overlap, a Bruckle device is used on a removable bite. It moves the upper teeth forward, and the bite plate helps to separate the bite on the front teeth.

The development of the jaw may be further hindered by the pressure of the lips, tongue and cheeks on the alveolar processes and teeth. The type 3 Frenkel function regulator normalizes the position and ratio of teeth, tongue and cheeks.

The Bruckle apparatus

Type 3 Frenkel apparatus

Orthodontic treatment of mesial anomalies in the shift bite is focused on stimulating the growth of the upper jaw. For this purpose, a partial bracket system «4+2» is placed on the permanent incisors and first molars. The action of the brackets contributes to the expansion and lengthening of the upper jaw.

Partial brace system for mesial bite"

Treatment in permanent dentition of the dentoalveolar form

In the dental-alveolar form, a mesial bite is formed due to improper positioning of the teeth. To correct it, a bracket system is sufficient. Treatment is carried out with the mandatory use of intermandibular traction — elastics that help to pull the lower tooth row back. If the anomaly is severe, the lower eighth teeth (wisdom teeth) are extracted and mini-screws are used to pull the tooth row. Mini-screws or micro-implants — small screws that become an absolute support.

Treatment in permanent bite gnathic form

The skeletal form of the bite, that is, the anchoring of the bite at the level of the bones of the skull, requires additional surgical intervention. The orthognathic surgeon corrects the size and position of the jaws already after the braces have been placed and the position of the teeth has been corrected. After the surgery, the orthodontist details the position of the teeth for a perfect smile.

After surgery, the orthodontist details the position of the teeth for a perfect smile.

Treatment of mesial bite in the clinic «Konfidencia»

In the clinic «Konfidencia» bite treatment begins with a detailed diagnosis. We pay great importance to this stage, because competent diagnosis gives clear ideas about the causes of mesial bite formation and helps to plan the correct treatment.

We use one of the most advanced CT scanners — it allows us to create 3D images of excellent quality with maximum safety for the patient's health.

At diagnosis and at each visit, we keep a careful photographic record to track results and adjust treatment processes.

Our orthodontists work with the most advanced braces, including custom and lingual braces.

Treatment of mesial bite with braces using intermaxillary tractions

Treatment of mesial bite: lingual braces on the upper jaw, use of intermaxillary tractions

Cost of mesial bite treatment